PneumaCult™-Ex Plus Medium
Serum- and BPE-free medium for expansion of primary human airway epithelial cells
Want even better HAEC expansion rates and differentiation potential? Use PneumaCult™-NGEx Medium, our most advanced and optimized expansion medium, to achieve up to 250x more cells in just three weeks.
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Products for Your Protocol
To see all required products for your protocol, please consult the
Protocols and Documentation.
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Animal Component-Free Cell Dissociation KitDissociation kit for human stem and progenitor cells
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Hydrocortisone Stock SolutionCell culture supplement
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D-PBS (Without Ca++ and Mg++)Dulbecco’s phosphate-buffered saline without calcium and magnesium
Overview
More Information
| Safety Statement | CA WARNING: This product can expose you to Progesterone which is known to the State of California to cause cancer. For more information go to www.P65Warnings.ca.gov |
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Data Figures
Protocols and Documentation
Find supporting information and directions for use in the Product Information Sheet or explore additional protocols below.
Applications
This product is designed for use in the following research area(s) as part of the highlighted workflow stage(s). Explore these workflows to learn more about the other products we offer to support each research area.
Resources and Publications
Educational Materials (18)
Publications (38)
Evolutionary loss of an antibiotic efflux pump increases Pseudomonas aeruginosa quorum sensing mediated virulence in vivo
Nature Communications 2025 Sep
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is a threat to human health, yet recent work highlights how loss of resistance may drive pathogenesis in some bacteria. In two recent studies, we found that β-lactam antibiotics and nutrient stresses faced during infection selected for genetic inactivation of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa antibiotic efflux pump mexEFoprN . Unexpectedly, efflux pump mutations increased P. aeruginosa virulence during infection; however, neither the prevalence of mexEFoprN inactivating mutations in real human infections, nor the mechanisms driving increased virulence of efflux pump mutants are known. We hypothesized that human infection would select for virulence enhancing mutations. Using genome sequencing of clinical isolates, we show that mexEFoprN efflux pump inactivating mutations are enriched in P. aeruginosa isolates from cystic fibrosis infections relative to isolates from acute respiratory infections. Combining RNA-seq, metabolomics, genetic approaches, and infection models we show that efflux pump mutants have elevated quorum sensing driven expression of elastase and rhamnolipids which increase P. aeruginosa virulence during acute and chronic infections. Restoration of the efflux pump in a representative respiratory isolate and the notorious cystic fibrosis Liverpool epidemic strain reduced their virulence. These findings suggest that mutations inactivating antibiotic resistance mechanisms could lead to greater patient mortality and morbidity. Subject terms: Antimicrobial resistance, Pathogens, Bacteriology, Molecular evolution
Inhibition of LOXL2 Suppresses Nasal Mucosal Inflammation and Remodeling in Allergic Rhinitis
Journal of Asthma and Allergy 2025 Sep
Abstract
Tissue remodeling is a key feature of allergic rhinitis (AR), but its underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Lysyl oxidase-like 2 (LOXL2), a regulator of tissue remodeling, has not been studied in AR. Proteomic analysis was performed on nasal mucosal tissues from 8 AR patients and 8 healthy controls (HCs) to identify differentially expressed proteins (DEPs). The top three upregulated DEPs and their association with tissue remodeling markers were validated by immunofluorescence, Western blot, and RT-qPCR in an independent cohort of 30 AR patients and 30 HCs. In vitro, human nasal epithelial cells (HNECs) were treated with IL-4, and the effects of candidate protein inhibitors on remodeling were assessed. An AR mouse model was used to evaluate the impact of these inhibitors on nasal inflammation and remodeling. Proteomic analysis revealed a disease-specific protein expression profile in the nasal mucosa of AR patients, with the top three upregulated proteins being LOXL2, TGF-β1, and TIRAP. Tissue validation showed that LOXL2 was significantly upregulated in the nasal mucosa of AR patients compared to HCs and was significantly correlated with EMT markers (TGF-β1, α-SMA, and E-cadherin). In vitro, IL-4 stimulation significantly upregulated LOXL2, TGF-β1, and α-SMA, while downregulating E-cadherin in a dose-dependent manner in human nasal epithelial cells. These effects were reversed by inhibition of LOXL2. Further investigations demonstrated that LOXL2 promotes tissue remodeling through activation of the TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway. In the AR mouse model, LOXL2 inhibitors significantly reduced nasal mucosal inflammation and tissue remodeling. Our proteomic analysis suggests that LOXL2 may be involved in the pathological remodeling processes of AR, potentially through modulation of the TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway. These findings provide preliminary evidence that LOXL2 could serve as a candidate biomarker and a possible therapeutic target in AR, warranting further investigation.
Bat organoids reveal antiviral responses at epithelial surfaces
Nature Immunology 2025 May
Abstract
Bats can host viruses of pandemic concern without developing disease. The mechanisms underlying their exceptional resilience to viral infections are largely unresolved, necessitating the development of physiologically relevant and genetically tractable research models. Here, we developed respiratory and intestinal organoids that recapitulated the cellular diversity of the in vivo epithelium present in Rousettus aegyptiacus , the natural reservoir for the highly pathogenic Marburg virus (MARV). In contrast to human counterparts, bat organoids and mucosal tissue exhibited elevated constitutive expression of innate immune effectors, including type I interferon-ε (IFNε) and IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs). Upon infection with diverse zoonotic viruses, including MARV, bat organoids strongly induced type I and III IFN responses, which conferred robust antiviral protection. Type III IFNλ3 additionally displayed virus-independent self-amplification, acting as an ISG to enhance antiviral immunity. Our organoid platform reveals key features of bat epithelial antiviral immunity that may inform therapeutic strategies for viral disease resilience. Subject terms: Mucosal immunology, Viral infection
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Want even better HAEC expansion rates and differentiation potential? Use PneumaCult™-NGEx Medium, our most advanced and optimized expansion medium, to achieve up to 250x more cells in just three weeks.
Legal Statement:
This product was developed under a license to intellectual property owned or controlled by Propagenix, Inc. This product is sold for research use only (which includes pre-clinical research) under a non-transferable, limited-use license. Purchase of this product does not include the right to sell, use or otherwise transfer this product for commercial purposes or clinical use. Purchasers wishing to use the product for purposes other than research use should contact Propagenix, Inc. (www.propagenix.com/about#contact-us).
This product was developed under a license to intellectual property owned or controlled by Propagenix, Inc. This product is sold for research use only (which includes pre-clinical research) under a non-transferable, limited-use license. Purchase of this product does not include the right to sell, use or otherwise transfer this product for commercial purposes or clinical use. Purchasers wishing to use the product for purposes other than research use should contact Propagenix, Inc. (www.propagenix.com/about#contact-us).
Quality Statement:
PRODUCTS ARE FOR RESEARCH USE ONLY AND NOT INTENDED FOR HUMAN OR ANIMAL DIAGNOSTIC OR THERAPEUTIC USES UNLESS OTHERWISE STATED. FOR ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ON QUALITY AT STEMCELL, REFER TO WWW.STEMCELL.COM/COMPLIANCE.
PRODUCTS ARE FOR RESEARCH USE ONLY AND NOT INTENDED FOR HUMAN OR ANIMAL DIAGNOSTIC OR THERAPEUTIC USES UNLESS OTHERWISE STATED. FOR ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ON QUALITY AT STEMCELL, REFER TO WWW.STEMCELL.COM/COMPLIANCE.
Safety Statement:
CA WARNING: This product can expose you to Progesterone which is known to the State of California to cause cancer. For more information go to www.P65Warnings.ca.gov
